1483-1546: Lutero et/aut Vitoria

The intent of our work, albeit in the limited space of a few pages, is to show how some essential categories of the thought of modernity have developed starting from the refutation of the interpretation given by Martin Luther with respect to some fundamental themes, such as the use of reason in the theological sphere, the value of the law, the nature of political power, the legitimacy of war, domination by Francisco de Vitoria and how this latter contributed decisively to the birth of modern thought.