Estimate of the Prevalence of Anti-Gastric Parietal Cell Autoantibodies in Healthy Individuals Is Method Dependent

Objectives Anti-parietal cell antibodies (APCA) are a serologic marker of autoimmune gastritis. Their prevalence in healthy individuals is not well defined. Methods We evaluated APCA prevalence in 515 healthy blood-donors by rat/primate tissue indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoblot. Results Fifty-three of 515 (10.3%) subjects were positive for APCA by at least one method: 18 only by ELISA, 10 by rodent tissue IIF, and one by primate tissue IIF; 18 were positive by ELISA and primate tissue IIF, and one by ELISA and rodent tissue IIF. Two were positive by both IIF methods, and three were triple positive. APCA positivity was confirmed by immunoblot in 100% of ELISA positive, in 95.8% of positive primate tissue IIF, and in 50% of positive rat tissue IIF. Conclusions A great discrepancy in APCA prevalence detected by different methods in this cohort was apparent. Thus, the results on APCA prevalence in healthy individuals are likely method-dependent.