Le miniviti per ancoraggio ortodontico. Caratteristiche strutturali ed indicazioni cliniche

Recently, miniscrews have been planned and produced in order to strengthen anchorage during orthodontic treatment and to make patient’s cooperation unnecessary; this is particularly important in adult patients, when it is not possible to use typical anchorage devices, such as extra-oral traction. In this article miniscrew types now available are described, discussing structural features together with clinical indications following manufacturer’s instructions. This review will be useful for the orthodontist while choosing the proper miniscrew according to patient’s anatomy and orthodontic biomechanics. Nevertheless, both diagnosis and surgical treatment must be as accurate as possible in order to reduce any risk for the patient. Clinical and radiological examinations are essential to measure real bone dimensions of the site where miniscrew insertion is planned. Following these prescriptions, miniscrews will greatly help the orthodontist in the treatment of challenging orthodontic cases, especially in the adult patients with periodontal and occlusal problems.