The Winans’ Cigar Ships, so called because they were designed by Ross Winans certainly belong to the curious, if not downright futuristic, ships in terms of appearance, shape and functioning. The Cigar Ships were an experimental test to develop new ideas in naval design, especially in the shape of the hulls to overcome the frictional resistance to motion; they were symmetrical ships with a highly tapered streamlined hull at either end with a remarkably pointed bow and stern. Ships that attracted the amazement of the public and the press, but also the skepticism of the technicians, despite being a compendium of innovative technologies that would surely have attracted the attention of Jules Verne. A cross between the sublime and the ridiculous, as William Schaw Lindsay comments, but also “extraordinary ship” as reported in an article published in The Popular Science Review in 1865. The German mathematician Wolfgang Haack will describe, in an article on aerodynamics published in 1941, the shape of the spindle as the optimal one to offer a mini-mum resistance to motion with wave flows grazing the object, making a compari-son with the resistance of the bullets and the fuselages supersonic aircraft. Their futuristic shape was an example for submarine builders who were experimenting with this new type of boat in those years. In fact, the seven A-Boats built for the United States Navy between 1900 and 1903 had a spindle-shaped hull very similar to the Winans’ Cigar Ship. The unicum then becomes the prototype for experiment-ing with new ideas, new construction processes, new technologies that will then be resumed and pursued in the twentieth century. In this short note, we want to tell the story of an enterprise beyond the boundaries of rationality in a field, the naval one, devoted to innovation but still anchored to tradition.
Le Winans’ Cigar Ship, così chiamate perché progettate da Ross Winans appar-tengono con certezza alle navi curiose, se non addirittura futuristiche, per aspetto, forma e funzionamento. Le Cigar Ship furono un banco di prova sperimentale per sviluppare nuove idee nel design navale, soprattutto nella forma delle carene per vincere la resistenza d’attrito al moto; erano navi simmetriche con uno scafo aero-dinamico molto affusolato alle due estremità con una prua e una poppa notevol-mente appuntite. Navi che attrassero lo stupore del pubblico e della stampa, ma an-che lo scetticismo dei tecnici, nonostante fossero un compendio di tecnologie inno-vative che avrebbero sicuramente attirato l’attenzione di Jules Verne. Una via di mezzo tra il sublime e il ridicolo, così le commentò William Schaw Lindsay, ma anche «extraordinary ship» come riportato in un articolo apparso su The Popular Science Review nel 1865. Il matematico tedesco Wolfgang Haack descrisse, in un articolo sull’aerodinamica pubblicato nel 1941, la forma del fuso come quella otti-male per offrire una resistenza minima al moto con flussi d’onda radenti l’oggetto, facendo un confronto con la resistenza dei proiettili e le fusoliere degli aerei super-sonici. La loro forma avveniristica fu di esempio per i costruttori di sottomarini che proprio in quegli anni stavano sperimentando questa nuova tipologia d’imbarcazioni. Infatti, i sette sottomarini A-Boats costruiti per la Marina degli Stati Uniti tra il 1900 e il 1903 avevano uno scafo a forma di fuso molto simile alle Winans’ Cigar Ship. L’unicum diventa allora il prototipo per sperimentare nuove idee, nuovi processi costruttivi, nuove tecnologie che saranno poi riprese e perse-guite nel XX secolo. In questa breve nota vogliamo raccontare la storia di un’impresa oltre i confini della razionalità in un ambito, quello navale, votato all’innovazione ma ancora ancorato alla tradizione.
Le Cigar Ships / The Cigar Ships
CORRADI Massimo
2022-01-01
Abstract
The Winans’ Cigar Ships, so called because they were designed by Ross Winans certainly belong to the curious, if not downright futuristic, ships in terms of appearance, shape and functioning. The Cigar Ships were an experimental test to develop new ideas in naval design, especially in the shape of the hulls to overcome the frictional resistance to motion; they were symmetrical ships with a highly tapered streamlined hull at either end with a remarkably pointed bow and stern. Ships that attracted the amazement of the public and the press, but also the skepticism of the technicians, despite being a compendium of innovative technologies that would surely have attracted the attention of Jules Verne. A cross between the sublime and the ridiculous, as William Schaw Lindsay comments, but also “extraordinary ship” as reported in an article published in The Popular Science Review in 1865. The German mathematician Wolfgang Haack will describe, in an article on aerodynamics published in 1941, the shape of the spindle as the optimal one to offer a mini-mum resistance to motion with wave flows grazing the object, making a compari-son with the resistance of the bullets and the fuselages supersonic aircraft. Their futuristic shape was an example for submarine builders who were experimenting with this new type of boat in those years. In fact, the seven A-Boats built for the United States Navy between 1900 and 1903 had a spindle-shaped hull very similar to the Winans’ Cigar Ship. The unicum then becomes the prototype for experiment-ing with new ideas, new construction processes, new technologies that will then be resumed and pursued in the twentieth century. In this short note, we want to tell the story of an enterprise beyond the boundaries of rationality in a field, the naval one, devoted to innovation but still anchored to tradition.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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