Thermodynamic modeling of selected ternary systems containing Y and CALPHAD simulation of CoNiCrAlY metallic coatings

Metallic coatings can improve the high temperature resistance of superalloys serving in the gas turbines. In general they are Al–Co–Cr–Ni alloys with small Y additions to improve oxide scale adherence. In order to complete the construction of a thermodynamic database for coatings, thermodynamic assessments of four ternary systems have been performed by means of the CALPHAD method, namely Al–Co–Y, Al–Ni–Y, Al–Cr–Y and Co–Ni–Y. All of the experimental phase diagrams and thermodynamic data available in the liter­ ature were critically reviewed. The liquid, fcc, bcc and hcp phases were modeled as substitutional solutions. The order-disorder model has been adopted to describe the A1/L12 and A2/B2 phase relations. A series of ternary compounds have been modeled during the present work according to the crystal structure or composition. As a result a satisfactory agreement was obtained between our calculations and the experimental data used in the assessment. Finally, interaction parameters calculated in this work have been merged in the thermodynamic database for the simulation of Al–Co–Cr–Ni–Y alloys. This has been validated by comparing our calculations with experi­ mental data regarding selected Ni-based and Co-based alloy coatings.