Modeling in environmental interfaces

This chapter focuses on the use of different modeling approaches for the study of the dynamic behavior of environmental interfaces. It provides an overview of the main recent simulation schemes to deal with multiscale physically based models, with particular reference to both moving interfaces and moving environmental compartments. The chapter also provides a brief review of the most commonly used phenomenological bottom-up modeling approaches, state-space and black-box models, data-based mechanistic models. Two case studies in the field of wastewater treatment/biofuel production and groundwater contamination are presented to illustrate the application of some recent techniques described in the chapter.