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Tesi di dottorato 2157

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Multiple Latent Variable Generative Models: an Information-Theoretic Perspective and Applications

In recent years, the field of image generation has made significant advancements, as modern deep learning systems became capable of producing photo-realistic pictures of stunning quality. In the vast amount of possible architectures that can perform such a task, we recognize an emerging subclass, which we term Multiple Latent Variable Generative Models (MLVGMs). These systems, developed as an improvement over traditional latent variable frameworks such as Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) and G...

Perception and Navigation in the Absence of Vision: Developing Assistive Technologies for Environmental Awareness in the Blind

Spatial navigation allows people to navigate their surroundings efficiently, and it is one of the most important aspects of daily life. To understand the spatial navigation of blind people, my PhD focused on cognitive processes that underlie the navigation of blind and visually impaired people, paying special attention to auditory perception, path integration, and environmental learning. Moreover, my PhD also looks at the multisensory mechanism that helps efficient spatial navigation, which e...

Improving Transparency, Trust, and Automation in the Software Supply Chain

Modern software no longer functions as a single, monolithic entity but rather as an intricate composition of thousands of components. These components collectively contribute to the functionality and security of software, yet they also expose the ecosystem to an ever-growing array of vulnerabilities. High-profile incidents such as SolarWinds and the 2024 compromise of xz-util highlight the pervasive and severe nature of threats in the software supply chain. These attacks are often opaque, mak...

Contribution of multiple sensory modalities to texture discrimination in head-fixed mice

Decision-making tasks involving the somatosensory system, such as texture discrimination, have been extensively used to investigate the cellular and circuit mechanisms underlying the processing of sensory information in rodents and are believed to rely primarily on whisker-mediated inputs. However, when whiskers are used to explore the environment, a process called “whisking”, mice may combine tactile inputs with those from other sensory modalities (e.g., olfaction and vision). In fact, whisk...

Engineering the blood-brain barrier: molecular approaches for the modulation of tight junctions

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a multicellular structure comprising pericytes, astrocytes, and endothelial cells, which together safeguard the brain parenchyma and preserve its homeostasis. Endothelial cells are the walls of brain capillaries, acting as the first line of defence against the uncontrolled passive diffusion of solutes from the bloodstream. The selective transcellular transport of molecules is facilitated by specific transmembrane transporters, while the paracellular space betw...

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