Research challenges in nanosatellite-DTN networks

Current approaches based on classical satellite communications, aimed at bringing Internet connectivity to remote and underdeveloped areas, are too expensive and impractical. Nanosatellites architectures with DTN protocol have been proposed as a cost-effective solution to extend the network access in rural and remote areas. In order to guarantee a good service and a large coverage in rural areas, it is necessary to deploy a good number of nanosatellites; consequentially, for reliability and load balancing purposes, is also needed a large number of ground stations (or hot spots) connected on the Internet. During a data connection, a server on the Internet that wants to reply to the user on rural area, has many hot spot alternatives to whom it can deliver data. Different hot spots can send data to final destination with different delivery delay depending on the number, position and buffer occupancy of satellites with which it comes into contact. The problem of choosing the optimal hot spot becomes important because a wrong choice could lead a high delivery delay.