The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from plants belonging to Salvia genus is a very interesting matter of study as not well-known species are potential new raw materials in herbal formulations for cosmetic, food or pharmaceutical products. The genus Salvia (tribe Mentheae), constituted by 900 species, is a tropical and sub-tropical genus and it is one of the most representative genus of Lamiaceae. In course of a study on this genus (Bisio et al.,1997; Bisio et al.,1998a; Bisio et al.,1998b; Bisio et al.,1999a; Bisio et al.,1999b; Romussi et al., 2001), the results of an investigation on the essential oils of cultivated species are reported. The study was carried out on Salvia x jamensis J.Compton cv. 'La Luna' and Salvia x jamensis J.Compton cv 'La Siesta' (Mexican species), Salvia disermas L., Salvia somalensis Vatke and Salvia repens Burch. ex Benth. (African species) (Epling, 1939; Hedge, 1974). Only fresh plant samples were analysed in order to avoid any sort of alteration in the essential oil composition due to the drying process. These species were collected in two different years (2004 and 2005). Only one study is reported in literature for S. somalensis and it was carried on dried plant samples (Chialva et al., 1992), collected in the Hanbury Botanical Gardens of La Mortola, Ventimiglia (Italy). The essential oils were hydrodistilled by means of a Clevenger apparatus and analysed by GC-MS in order to evaluate differences in the composition among these species and to compare the results with those previously studied. Futhermore, it was very interesting to study how the main constituents could change in different cultivars of the same species, besides the influence of different harvesting period. Moreover, as the distribution of terpenoids in Salvia is considered of taxonomic significance in subfamilial classification, phytogeographical and infrageneric distribution, our work can increase the knowledge on some African and American cultivated species, and give a contribution to chemotaxonomic studies on volatile and non-volatile terpenoid constituents in Salvia genus. (Ramamoorthy et al., 1988; Rodríguez-Hahn et al., 1992; Rodríguez-Hahn et al., 1994.)
GC-MS analysis of the essential oils of some cultivated Salvia species.
BISIO, ANGELA;ROMUSSI, GIOVANNI;
2006-01-01
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from plants belonging to Salvia genus is a very interesting matter of study as not well-known species are potential new raw materials in herbal formulations for cosmetic, food or pharmaceutical products. The genus Salvia (tribe Mentheae), constituted by 900 species, is a tropical and sub-tropical genus and it is one of the most representative genus of Lamiaceae. In course of a study on this genus (Bisio et al.,1997; Bisio et al.,1998a; Bisio et al.,1998b; Bisio et al.,1999a; Bisio et al.,1999b; Romussi et al., 2001), the results of an investigation on the essential oils of cultivated species are reported. The study was carried out on Salvia x jamensis J.Compton cv. 'La Luna' and Salvia x jamensis J.Compton cv 'La Siesta' (Mexican species), Salvia disermas L., Salvia somalensis Vatke and Salvia repens Burch. ex Benth. (African species) (Epling, 1939; Hedge, 1974). Only fresh plant samples were analysed in order to avoid any sort of alteration in the essential oil composition due to the drying process. These species were collected in two different years (2004 and 2005). Only one study is reported in literature for S. somalensis and it was carried on dried plant samples (Chialva et al., 1992), collected in the Hanbury Botanical Gardens of La Mortola, Ventimiglia (Italy). The essential oils were hydrodistilled by means of a Clevenger apparatus and analysed by GC-MS in order to evaluate differences in the composition among these species and to compare the results with those previously studied. Futhermore, it was very interesting to study how the main constituents could change in different cultivars of the same species, besides the influence of different harvesting period. Moreover, as the distribution of terpenoids in Salvia is considered of taxonomic significance in subfamilial classification, phytogeographical and infrageneric distribution, our work can increase the knowledge on some African and American cultivated species, and give a contribution to chemotaxonomic studies on volatile and non-volatile terpenoid constituents in Salvia genus. (Ramamoorthy et al., 1988; Rodríguez-Hahn et al., 1992; Rodríguez-Hahn et al., 1994.)
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