The impact of hybrid nano-architectures and alternative biomodels in translational oncology

During 90's, nanotechnology has produced a first revolution in the clinical treatment of neoplasms through the release of Caelyx®/Doxil®, a liposome formulation of doxorubicin. Beyond the drug delivery enhancement associated to nanomaterials, noble metals are essential for the development of combined/enhanced non-invasive cancer management approaches.1 Actually, because of the lack of a rationale design and adequate biodistribution and safety data, noble metal nanomaterials are still not in the market. In this scenario, elucidate the fate of metal nanomaterials once administered is critical to compose safe-by-design nano-therapeutics.2