Energy Management System for the Optimal Operation of a Grid-Connected Building with Renewables and an Electric Delivery Vehicle

The paper proposes a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) optimization model used to define an Energy Management System (EMS) to daily operate two Renewable Energy Source (RES) power plants and an Electric Vehicle (EV) charging station installed in a building. The analysed case study refers to a building located in a small town on an island in the South of Italy. The building hosts the post office and the EV is a van used to transport mail. The building is connected to the external distribution grid, allowing active and reactive power exchanges. Different scenarios have been evaluated, considering the installation of photovoltaic (PV) modules, small wind turbines (WTs) and enabling vehicle-to-building (V2B) application. The analysis aims to highlight the role of RES power plants to limit reactive power absorption from the distribution grid and the contribution of the electric vehicle to mitigate RES curtailment.