Autour des villages historiques abandonés: valorization, mise en réseau des ressources et strategies communes de gestione du paysage

Many abandoned villages of the Italian Alps and Apennines were part of rural systems, based on the use of resources, from woods to cultivated land. Liguria presents examples of these ghost towns, for which revitalization hypotheses were put forward, as in Giancarlo De Carlo's project for the "cable village" of Colletta di Castelbianco, proposing, many years ago, the use of new technologies to relieve physical insulation. What has been lost is the perception of the value of the landscape: what reasons can attract new inhabitants to these internal valleys? An effective strategy must be able to understand the reason and effect of the abandonment, to interpret the village subsistence systems, the existing resources, aiming to the recovery of the entire landscape contest. The landscape approach integrates the analysis of architectural artefacts with the analysis on a larger scale, to understand the landscape transformation, the abandonment phases, expansion of invasive species, hydrogeological instabilities. The multidimensional and interdisciplinary study allows an interpretation/evaluation of the critical issues and existing values, to plan actions for a networking of resources, a global improvement of the landscape heritage. The involvement of possible local actors and the reconstruction of shared projects (restoration of buildings and resumption of agricultural activities, typical products, uses and traditions of the past, reestablishment of an emotional relationship with the places) are the only way to guarantee lasting effects, to foster socially enriching projects.