Multidisciplinary approach to assess the biological potential of bioactive green extracts from exhaust organic matrices, obtained by microwave irradiation

we have assessed in vitro the biological potential of essential waters (EWs) from grapes, apple and raspberry residues recovered from exhaust plant matrices from the alimentary industry. The aqueous extracts were obtained by a microwaves assisted extraction (MAE), allowing to recover the inner water phases of the plants with different water-soluble principles in order to gain new bioactive compounds with potential nutraceutical and cosmeceutical properties. To assess safety and biological potentials of new green extracts, normal human keratinocytes were exposed for 24 and 48 hours to 0.05-1% (v/v) grapes, apple and raspberry EWs in order to evaluate basic their toxic effects, in terms of viability and proliferation indexes (MTT and NRU tests, and DNA content) as well antioxidant potential (in terms of iron-reducing capacity, by a commercial kit), and pro/anti-inflammatory activity (genic expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such IL-1α and IL-8). The obtained results highlight the innovation and originality of our approach in order to recover, worn-out plant matrices, new non toxic aqueous extracts enriched in watersoluble bioactives. Their antioxidant potential together with their null cytotoxicity assessed by means of in vitro studies confirm their interest as new eco-sustainable cosmeceutical and nutraceutical ingredients Taking into account several points of the Green Chemistry Principles in compliance with the 3R policy, this preliminary multidisciplinary project represents a useful tool for the industries involved in a Global Responsible Care Program.