Salvia L. is the largest genus of Lamiaceae (or Labiatae) family with more than 900 species of which ca. 26 are native to southern Africa like S. dolomitica Codd an aromatic perennial shrub found in the northeast province of Transvaal (1). This sage is also drought resistant (2) and extremely fragrant. S. dolomitica essential oil (EO) has been used in traditional medicine to treat different disorder such as malaria, inflammation, microbial infections as well as sickness (3). Previously reported data confirmed good antiplasmodial and antiinflammatory activities (4), antimicrobial, antimycobacterial (2) and anticancer cell line specific (5) properties. This study aims to establish protocols for in vitro manipulation of selected S. dolomitica plants for fast propagation, biomass production in controlled conditions and as genetic improvement support. Second objective is the characterization, in comparison with en plein air mother plants, of the in vitro essential oil and volatile components production and profile and the foliar morphology with particular care to secretory structures. We obtained micropropagated plants, callus and cell line culture (Fig. 1) and after 5 weekly subcultures the FDA test demonstrated that cells were totally viable (Fig. 2) and that could be suitable for the establishment of transformation procedures as well as for scale up of biomass useful for metabolite production and extraction. Moreover, we evaluated the direct neo-organogenesis ability of S. dolomitica leaves. At the same time, we performed qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the essential oil of various cultivated plants. S. dolomitica in vitro-derived plantlets showed differences in the quali-quantitative composition of the essential oil compared to the open field grown plant. The investigation of the effect of high light treatments on volatile compounds compositions demonstrated that this stress can slightly affect the essential oils composition. The results suggest that tissue culture can be exploited by researchers to drive the accumulation of selected components of the essential oils.
Analysis of essential oil production in Salvia dolomitica plants cultured in vitro
GIACOMELLI, EMANUELA;DAMONTE, GIANLUCA;BISIO, ANGELA;
2014-01-01
Abstract
Salvia L. is the largest genus of Lamiaceae (or Labiatae) family with more than 900 species of which ca. 26 are native to southern Africa like S. dolomitica Codd an aromatic perennial shrub found in the northeast province of Transvaal (1). This sage is also drought resistant (2) and extremely fragrant. S. dolomitica essential oil (EO) has been used in traditional medicine to treat different disorder such as malaria, inflammation, microbial infections as well as sickness (3). Previously reported data confirmed good antiplasmodial and antiinflammatory activities (4), antimicrobial, antimycobacterial (2) and anticancer cell line specific (5) properties. This study aims to establish protocols for in vitro manipulation of selected S. dolomitica plants for fast propagation, biomass production in controlled conditions and as genetic improvement support. Second objective is the characterization, in comparison with en plein air mother plants, of the in vitro essential oil and volatile components production and profile and the foliar morphology with particular care to secretory structures. We obtained micropropagated plants, callus and cell line culture (Fig. 1) and after 5 weekly subcultures the FDA test demonstrated that cells were totally viable (Fig. 2) and that could be suitable for the establishment of transformation procedures as well as for scale up of biomass useful for metabolite production and extraction. Moreover, we evaluated the direct neo-organogenesis ability of S. dolomitica leaves. At the same time, we performed qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the essential oil of various cultivated plants. S. dolomitica in vitro-derived plantlets showed differences in the quali-quantitative composition of the essential oil compared to the open field grown plant. The investigation of the effect of high light treatments on volatile compounds compositions demonstrated that this stress can slightly affect the essential oils composition. The results suggest that tissue culture can be exploited by researchers to drive the accumulation of selected components of the essential oils.
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