Alterations of the arcus plantaris in the constitutional skeletal diseases [Le alterazioni dell'arco plantare nelle malattie costituzionali dello scheletro]

In the constitutional skeletal diseases, alterations of the arcus plantaris are found with a rate of 1:10; there is a clear prevalence of the piattism on the cavism. In the congenital flatfoot, muscular hypotonia and ligamental laxity are involved in the pathogenic mechanism; less frequent is the involvement of osseous malformations and dysplasies.; in cavism, pathogenesis results from various factors (plantar aponeurosis retraction, resorption of the tarsal skeleton, neurogenic arthropathies).